The hydropower projects in Northeast India are compounding the risks posed by climate change, including flash floods, water scarcity, and ecosystem disruption. Downstream communities that rely on the Brahmaputra's seasonal floodplains for agriculture and fisheries are particularly vulnerable. The construction of dams alters natural water flow, increasing the likelihood of hydrological extremes and threatening the region's ecological balance. The combined impact of climate change and dam operations poses a significant challenge to sustainable development in the region.